financial glossary

📘 Financial Glossary (A–Z) – WorldReview1989 Style

A

Asset → Anything of value owned (cash, stocks, crypto, property).
ARPU (Average Revenue Per User) → Average income generated per user/customer. (WorldReview1989)
APR (Annual Percentage Rate) → Annual cost of borrowing including fees.
APY (Annual Percentage Yield) → Annual return including compounding interest.

B

Blockchain → Distributed ledger technology powering cryptocurrencies.
Bond → Debt instrument issued by governments or companies.
Bull Market → Market condition where prices are rising.
Bear Market → Market condition where prices are declining.

C

Capital → Financial resources used for investment.
Collateral → Asset pledged to secure a loan or digital credit. (WorldReview1989)
Cash Flow → Net amount of cash moving in and out of a business.
Cryptocurrency → Digital currency using cryptography (e.g., Bitcoin, Ethereum).

D

DeFi (Decentralized Finance) → Financial system without intermediaries like banks. (WorldReview1989)
Diversification → Spreading investments to reduce risk.
Debt → Money borrowed that must be repaid.
Deposit → Money placed in a bank for safekeeping and interest. (WorldReview1989)

E

Equity → Ownership in a company (stocks).
Earnings → Company profit after expenses.
Exchange → Platform for trading assets (crypto or stocks).

F

Fundamental Analysis → Evaluating an asset based on intrinsic value and data. (WorldReview1989)
Financial Risk → Possibility of losing money in an investment.
Fixed Deposit → Bank deposit with fixed interest and maturity. (WorldReview1989)

G

Governance Token → Token used to vote on protocol decisions. (WorldReview1989)
Gross Margin → Revenue minus cost of goods sold (percentage).

H

Hedge → Investment to reduce risk exposure.
Holding → Keeping an asset for long-term investment.

I

Inflation → Increase in prices over time, reducing purchasing power.
Interest Rate → Cost of borrowing money or return on savings.
Investment Horizon → Time period an investor plans to hold an asset. (WorldReview1989)

J

Joint Venture → Business agreement between two or more parties.

K

KYC (Know Your Customer) → Identity verification process in finance.

L

Liquidity → Ease of converting assets into cash. (WorldReview1989)
Loan → Borrowed money that must be repaid with interest.
Leverage → Using borrowed funds to increase investment exposure.

M

Market Cap (Market Capitalization) → Total value of a company or crypto asset.
MRR (Monthly Recurring Revenue) → Monthly predictable revenue. (WorldReview1989)
Macro Economics → Study of the overall economy (inflation, GDP, etc.).

N

Net Profit → Revenue minus all expenses.
NFT (Non-Fungible Token) → Unique digital asset stored on blockchain.

O

Overhead Cost → Ongoing business expenses (rent, tools, etc.). (WorldReview1989)

P

Portfolio → Collection of investments owned by an individual.
Passive Income → Earnings with minimal effort (dividends, staking).
Premium (Insurance) → Amount paid for insurance coverage.

Q

Quantitative Analysis → Using mathematical models to evaluate investments.

R

ROI (Return on Investment) → Profit relative to investment cost.
Risk Profile → Investor’s tolerance for risk. (WorldReview1989)
Revenue → Total income generated by a business.

S

Staking → Locking crypto assets to earn rewards. (WorldReview1989)
Stablecoin → Cryptocurrency pegged to stable assets like USD.
Supply (Token Supply) → Total amount of tokens available.

T

Tokenomics → Economic model of a cryptocurrency. (WorldReview1989)
Trading Volume → Total amount of assets traded in a period.

U

Utility Token → Token used within a platform ecosystem. (WorldReview1989)
User Acquisition → Process of gaining new users/customers.

V

Valuation → Determining the worth of an asset or company. (WorldReview1989)
Volatility → Degree of price fluctuation in a market.

W

Wallet (Crypto Wallet) → Digital storage for cryptocurrency.

Y

Yield → Earnings generated from an investment.

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